When Assessing Patients in the Preoperative Area, the Nurse Knows

question 1

Multiple Choice

When assessing patients in the preoperative area, the nurse knows that which patient is at a higher risk for an altered response to anesthesia?

• A) The 30-year-old patient who has never had surgery before
• B) The 45-year-old patient who stopped smoking 10 years ago
• C) The 21-year-old patient who is to have a kidney stone removed
• D) The 78-year-old patient who is to have gallbladder removal

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Definitions:

Lactate

Lactate is a compound produced when glucose is broken down and oxidized under anaerobic conditions, playing a significant role in energy production during intense exercise.

Pyruvate

A key intermediate in several metabolic pathways, especially glycolysis, where glucose is broken down to produce energy.

Cellular Respiration

The process by which cells convert glucose and oxygen into energy, carbon dioxide, and water.

Electron Transport System

a series of complexes that transfer electrons from electron donors to electron acceptors via redox reactions, coupled with the transfer of protons across a membrane.