Which Threat to Internal Validity Is Most Closely Associated with a Longitudinal

question 39

Multiple Choice

Which threat to internal validity is most closely associated with a longitudinal design?

• A) Instrumentation effects
• B) Mortality effects
• C) History effects
• D) Selection bias

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Definitions:

Capital Lease

A lease agreement that has the characteristics of a purchase by the lessee, including transfer of ownership by the end of the lease term.

Leased Asset

A leased asset is a possession that is rented under a lease agreement, granting the lessee the right to use the asset in exchange for periodic lease payments.

Present Value

The immediate value of a future money amount or a stream of cash inflows, based on a certain rate of return.

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income

A component of shareholders' equity that includes income, gains, and losses that are excluded from net income, reflecting changes in equity from non-owner sources.