The Next Few Questions Refer to the Following Description

question 32

Multiple Choice

The next few questions refer to the following description.
In the ocean, on either side of the Isthmus of Panama, are 30 species of snapping shrimp; some are shallow-water species, others are adapted to deep water. There are 15 species on the Pacific side and 15 different species on the Atlantic side. The Isthmus of Panama started rising about 10 million years ago.
In the following figure, the isthmus separates the Pacific Ocean on the left (side A) from the Atlantic Ocean on the right (side B) . The sea water on either side of the isthmus is separated into five depth habitats (1-5) , with 1 being the shallowest.

-The Panama Canal was completed in 1914, and its depth is about 15 metres. After 1914, snapping shrimp species from which habitats should be most likely to form hybrids as the result of the canal?

• A)A5 and B5
• B)A3 and B3
• C)A1 and B1
• D)either A1 and A2, or B1 and B2
• E)A1-A3 and B1-B3 have equal likelihoods of harbouring snapping shrimp species that can hybridize.

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Definitions:

Wealth

Refers to the abundance of valuable financial assets or physical possessions which can be converted into a form that can be used for transactions.

Expected Utility Function

A mathematical representation of a decision-maker's preferences concerning uncertain outcomes, factoring in the utility of each outcome and its probability.

Utility Function

A formulation used in economics to depict how different combinations of goods or services yield varying levels of happiness or utility to an individual.

Risk Neutral

A description of an individual or entity that does not show a preference for risk, valuing all investments purely by their expected return without concern for their risk.