A: Morphological Phylogeny. B: Molecular Phylogeny

question 1

Multiple Choice

A: Morphological phylogeny.

B: Molecular phylogeny.
-In the traditional phylogeny (A) , the phylum Platyhelminthes is depicted as a sister taxon to the rest of the protostome phyla, and as having diverged earlier from the lineage that led to the rest of the protostomes. In the molecular phylogeny (B) , Platyhelminthes is depicted as a lophotrochozoan phylum. What probably led to this change?

• A) Platyhelminthes ceased to be recognized as true protostomes.
• B) The removal of the acoel flatworms (Acoela) from the Platyhelminthes allowed the remaining flatworms to be clearly tied to the Lophotrochozoa.
• C) All Platyhelminthes must have a well-developed lophophore as their feeding apparatus.
• D) Platyhelminthes' close genetic ties to the arthropods became clear as their Hox gene sequences were studied.

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Definitions:

Sensory Neurons

Neurons responsible for converting external stimuli from the environment into internal electrical impulses for the brain to interpret as sensations.

Interneurons

Neurons that transmit signals between other neurons, especially as part of reflexes or neural networks.

Motor Neurons

Neurons that transmit impulses from the spinal cord or brain to muscle or glandular tissues, facilitating movement and action.

Glial Cell

Nervous system cell that provides insulation, nutrients, and support and that aids in repairing neurons and eliminating waste products.