_____ Are a Basis of Comparison for Measuring the Extent

question 26

Multiple Choice

_____ are a basis of comparison for measuring the extent to which organizational performance is satisfactory or unsatisfactory.

• A) Standards
• B) Inventories
• C) Process maps
• D) Innovation streams

---

Definitions:

Error Variance

The variability in a set of data that cannot be attributed to the factors being studied, often resulting from measurement errors or other inconsistencies.

Dependent Sample Designs

Research designs involving comparisons of measurements from the same group of subjects under different conditions or at different times.

Extraneous Variables

Factors in a study that could undermine the internal validity by influencing the dependent variable in a way not intended by the research.

Independent Variables

Variables in an experiment that are manipulated or changed by the researcher to observe their effect on dependent variables.