Dr Elder Was Interested in the Way People Recognize Objects

question 20

Multiple Choice

Dr. Elder was interested in the way people recognize objects as members of categories. For example, what makes us recognize a dog as being a dog and not a cat? More specifically, he was curious as to whether people think about categories in a more complex way if they contemplate an "opposite" category first. For example, does a person think differently about the category of "southern" if they first think about the category of "northern"? He is also curious as to whether people categorize differently if they are exposed to category members compared with generating category members. Dr. Elder has four groups of participants (with 30 people in each group) . In Group A, participants were told to cut out pictures of dogs and cats from magazines. In Group B, participants were told to cut out pictures of just dogs from magazines. In Group C, participants were told to draw pictures of cats and dogs. In Group D, participants were told to draw pictures of just dogs. After doing this for 30 minutes, participants in all groups were asked to list the attributes that define the "dog" category. Having a higher number of attributes listed was considered to be an indication of thinking about the category in a more complex way. The results of his study are below.

Which of the following best describes Dr. Elder's study?

• A)A 2 × 2 crossed factorial design
• B)A 4 × 2 nested factorial design
• C)A 2 × 1 mixed factorial design
• D)A 2 × 4 within-groups factorial design

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Definitions:

Market Demand Curve

Graphical representation of the total quantity of a good or service that all consumers in a market are willing and able to purchase at various prices.

Negative Externalities

Unintended adverse effects or costs imposed on a third party or the environment as a result of an economic activity.

Opt Out

The action of choosing not to participate in something.