Dr Elder Was Interested in the Way People Recognize Objects

question 33

Multiple Choice

Dr. Elder was interested in the way people recognize objects as members of categories. For example, what makes us recognize a dog as being a dog and not a cat? More specifically, he was curious as to whether people think about categories in a more complex way if they contemplate an "opposite" category first. For example, does a person think differently about the category of "southern" if they first think about the category of "northern"? He is also curious as to whether people categorize differently if they are exposed to category members compared with generating category members. Dr. Elder has four groups of participants (with 30 people in each group) . In Group A, participants were told to cut out pictures of dogs and cats from magazines. In Group B, participants were told to cut out pictures of just dogs from magazines. In Group C, participants were told to draw pictures of cats and dogs. In Group D, participants were told to draw pictures of just dogs. After doing this for 30 minutes, participants in all groups were asked to list the attributes that define the "dog" category. Having a higher number of attributes listed was considered to be an indication of thinking about the category in a more complex way. The results of his study are below.

Which of the following reasons is the most likely reason Dr. Elder conducted a factorial design?

• A)To determine whether a mediator was present in participants' ability to categorize
• B)To test whether there is a difference between creating and searching for category members
• C)To test whether there is a difference between thinking about a category and thinking about a category and its opposite
• D)To test whether task type interacts with the effect of activity focus

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Definitions:

Carbon Dioxide Concentration

The amount of carbon dioxide molecules present in a particular volume of atmosphere, typically expressed in parts per million by volume.

Temperature Decreased

A condition where the environmental or specific area's temperature lowers from a previous point.

Years Ago

A term used to reference a specific amount of time before the present, often used in historical and geological contexts.

Global Warming

The long-term rise in Earth's average surface temperature, driven by human activities that increase greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.