Dr Elder Was Interested in the Way People Recognize Objects

question 41

Multiple Choice

Dr. Elder was interested in the way people recognize objects as members of categories. For example, what makes us recognize a dog as being a dog and not a cat? More specifically, he was curious as to whether people think about categories in a more complex way if they contemplate an "opposite" category first. For example, does a person think differently about the category of "southern" if they first think about the category of "northern"? He is also curious as to whether people categorize differently if they are exposed to category members compared with generating category members. Dr. Elder has four groups of participants (with 30 people in each group) . In Group A, participants were told to cut out pictures of dogs and cats from magazines. In Group B, participants were told to cut out pictures of just dogs from magazines. In Group C, participants were told to draw pictures of cats and dogs. In Group D, participants were told to draw pictures of just dogs. After doing this for 30 minutes, participants in all groups were asked to list the attributes that define the "dog" category. Having a higher number of attributes listed was considered to be an indication of thinking about the category in a more complex way. The results of his study are below.

By examining the marginal means, it appears that in this study:

• A)There are no meaningful main effects.
• B)There is a main effect of focus of the activity.
• C)There is no significant interaction.
• D)There is no main effect of type of activity.

Describe the issues and limitations in making causal statements from nonexperimental research.

Identify the significance of establishing relationships between variables through empirical study.

Understand the difference between fixed costs and variable costs and how they relate to total cost.

Calculate and interpret average total cost (ATC), average fixed cost (AFC), and average variable cost (AVC) from given data.

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Definitions:

Social Isolation

The state of being separated from others, leading to lack of social interactions and relationships.

Emotional Exhaustion

A state of feeling overwhelmed and drained of physical or emotional energy due to prolonged stress.

Bullying

The act of repeatedly and intentionally causing harm or discomfort to another person, often through an imbalance of power.

Elevated Work

Tasks or operations that are conducted at heightened levels above the ground, necessitating the use of safety equipment and precautions.