Which of the Following Is Not an Example of an Internal

question 70

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is not an example of an internal environmental influence that can affect leadership outcomes?

• A) skill level of employees
• B) gender ratio of employees
• C) up-to-date technology
• D) an economic recession

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Definitions:

Independent Variable

In research and experimentation, it is the variable that is manipulated or changed to observe its effect on a dependent variable.

ABAB Design

A research method involving repeated measurements over time where conditions are alternated to observe the effect of an intervention.

Single-subject Experiment

A research design in which interventions are tested on a single individual, allowing for detailed observation of effects over time and control over variables affecting the outcome.

Developmental Study

A research approach that investigates how behavior changes and grows across the life span, often emphasizing growth patterns and fundamental changes.