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In a Sluggish Economy,consumers Will Buy Even the Most Modest

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In a sluggish economy,consumers will buy even the most modest of products with the same discretion once shown only to big-ticket items,like computers,airfares,and designer clothes.The results are a growing popularity of cheaper private-label products and the likelihood that price wars among consumer goods could lead to the same kind of consolidation that occurred in the airline and electronics industries.Moreover,analysts say changing buying habits will force premium brand marketers to lower their prices to protect their positions.These companies may also upgrade products to distinguish them from private labels and promote their brands more aggressively than ever.
One analyst says that consumers are forcing product innovation.Products have to be sold on merit.As a result,there will be fewer brands of significance,but the significant brands will be stronger.Brand loyalty is believed to exist only when,or if,value is provided.How do the significant brands compete? One analyst says that a combination of sensible pricing and innovation with a strong brand name can stabilize market share.Reformulated or repackaged products are typical examples of innovative attempts to solidify market share.
-Refer to Consumer Buying Habits.One analyst said that the big brands such as Starbucks,Folgers and Maxwell House can compete by combining sensible pricing and innovation with a strong brand name.This is done to stabilize market share.Which type of pricing is this?

Definitions:

Underpriced

A term describing an asset or security that is sold in the market for less than its intrinsic or true value.

Risk Premium

The extra return expected by an investor for holding a risky asset over a risk-free asset.

Expected Rate

An anticipated return or interest rate forecasted for an investment over a specific period.

Capital Asset Pricing Model

A model that describes the relationship between systematic risk and expected return for assets, particularly stocks, suggesting that the expected return on an investment is related to its risk level.