Case 12-1 Casey Is Using XML to Store Information About the Students

question 76

Multiple Choice

Case 12-1
Casey is using XML to store information about the students in the science classes that he teaches. He wants to design a DTD that he can use to validate the XML documents that he uses for this purpose, and he comes to you for help.

-You tell Casey that he must declare the DTD using a DOCTYPE statement.Where should the DOCTYPE go?

• A) before the XML declaration
• B) within the XML declaration
• C) after the XML declaration and before the document's root element
• D) after the document's root element

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Definitions:

Principal-Agent Problem

A scenario in which conflicts of interest arise because the goals of a principal (e.g., a shareholder) do not align with those of an agent (e.g., a company executive).

Moral Hazard Problem

The possibility that individuals or institutions will behave more recklessly after they obtain insurance or similar contracts that shift the financial burden of bad outcomes onto others. Example: A bank whose deposits are insured against losses may make riskier loans and investments.

Adverse Selection Problem

A problem arising when information known to one party to a contract or agreement is not known to the other party, causing the latter to incur major costs. Example: Individuals who have the poorest health are most likely to buy health insurance.

Common Good Problem

Common Good Problem occurs when resources that are freely accessible to all members of a society are overused or depleted, often leading to sustainability issues.