RESEARCH STUDY 11.1 Dr. Elder Was Interested in the Way People Recognize Objects

question 24

Multiple Choice

RESEARCH STUDY 11.1
Dr. Elder was interested in the way people recognize objects as members of categories. For example, what makes us recognize a dog as being a dog and not a cat? More specifically, he was curious as to whether people think about categories in a more complex way if they contemplate an "opposite" category first. For example, does a person think differently about the category of "southern" if they are also thinking about the category of "northern"? He is also curious as to whether people categorize differently if they are exposed to category members compared with generating category members. Dr. Elder has four groups of participants (with 30 people in each group) . In Group A, participants were told to cut out pictures of dogs and cats from magazines. In Group B, participants were told to cut out pictures of just dogs from magazines. In Group C, participants were told to draw pictures of cats and dogs. In Group D, participants were told to draw pictures of just dogs. After doing this for 30 minutes, participants in all groups were asked to list the attributes that define the "dog" category. Having a higher number of attributes listed was considered to be an indication of thinking about the category in a more complex way. The results of his study are below.
-Refer to Research Study 11.2 above to answer the following question. Based on the graphs above,Dr.Elder should conclude which of the following?

• A) There is a main effect for participants' age.
• B) The three-way interaction does not look significant.
• C) The interaction between activity focus and activity type depends on participants' age.
• D) Participants' age appears to mediate the relationship between activity focus and activity type.
• E) None of the above should be concluded.

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Definitions:

Negotiations

The art or act of discussing points of difference to reach an agreement, often seen in contexts like business, labor, and diplomacy.

Fact-finder

An impartial party, often appointed by a court or involved in a dispute resolution process, tasked with investigating disputed facts and reporting findings.

Dispute

A disagreement or argument, often in a legal context, between parties that can involve debates over contracts, policies, or rights.

Unfair Labor Practices

Actions by employers or unions that violate the rights of workers or union members, including discrimination, retaliation, and interference with collective bargaining rights.