A Rival Explanation, or Competing Hypothesis, That Is a Threat

question 65

Multiple Choice

A rival explanation, or competing hypothesis, that is a threat to the internal or external validity of a research design is known as a ________________.

• A) Research designs
• B) Tests of significance  
• C) Hypotheses
• D) Confounding effect
• E) Controlled experiments

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Definitions:

Seminal Fluid

A viscous fluid composed of spermatozoa and various secretions from the male reproductive glands, supporting and facilitating sperm mobility.

Seminal Vesicles

Glands located near the prostate in males that produce a significant portion of the fluid constituting semen, providing nutrients and a medium for sperm transport.

Prostate Gland

Gland that surrounds the beginning of the urethra in the male. The secretion of the gland is a milky fluid that is discharged by 20–30 excretory ducts into the prostatic urethra as part of the semen.

Semen

The male reproductive fluid containing spermatozoa and secretions from the seminal vesicles, prostate, and other glands, facilitating fertilization.