Absolute measures are signified by open brackets (see below) which mean that positive and negative errors are not treated the same way. 
Definitions:
Variability
The extent to which data points in a statistical distribution or data set diverge from the average or mean value.
Y-axis
The vertical axis in a two-dimensional graph, typically used to represent the range of values of a dependent variable.
Graphical Deception
The misuse or manipulation of charts and graphs to mislead or distort the viewer's understanding of the data.
Percentage Changes
A mathematical calculation that describes the degree of change over time, expressed as a percentage.
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