Josiah Checks His Email Several Times Throughout the Day

question 177

Multiple Choice

Josiah checks his email several times throughout the day. Some days there is mail each time he checks; sometimes several days go by with no new messages arriving. How is Josiah's behaviour of checking his email being reinforced in this example?

• A)on a fixed-ratio schedule
• B)on a variable-interval schedule
• C)on a variable-ratio schedule
• D)on a fixed-interval schedule

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Definitions:

Historical Returns

Past performance outcomes of an investment over a specified period of time.

Adjusted Beta

A measure of a security's volatility in relation to the market, adjusted based on its historical performance.

Mean-Variance Efficient

A portfolio that offers the highest expected return for a defined level of risk or the lowest risk for a given level of expected return, according to modern portfolio theory.