An Alarm Call Benefits Multiple Individuals,both Related and Unrelated (R

question 22

Multiple Choice

An alarm call benefits multiple individuals,both related and unrelated (r = 0) .Can this behavior still evolve according to Hamilton's rule? (There are 1,2,…,A individuals that are related to the donor by r₁,r₂,…,rA and receive benefits b₁,b₂,…,bA)

• A)No, unrelated individuals will automatically set the benefits to 0, as Hamilton's rule for multiple individuals is .
• B)No, this case no longer addresses inclusive fitness, and Hamilton's rule does not apply.
• C)Yes, if there are more related individuals benefiting than unrelated individuals, as Hamilton's rule for multiple individuals is .
• D)Yes, as long as the benefits to related individuals satisfy .

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Definitions:

Net Income

The amount of money a business keeps after deducting all expenditures and taxes from its overall revenue.

Average Number

A mathematical concept that represents the central or typical value in a set of numbers, calculated by dividing the sum of all values by the count of numbers.

Current Assets

Assets owned by a company that are expected to be converted into cash, sold, or consumed within a year or within the operating cycle.

Gross Profit

The difference between total revenue and the cost of goods sold, before deducting any selling, administrative, or other expenses.