Examlex
____________________ reinforcement occurs when a response is strengthened because it is followed by the presentation of a desirable stimulus; while ____________________ reinforcement occurs when a response is strengthened as the result of the removal of an unpleasant stimulus.
Secret Price Concessions
Unadvertised discounts or reductions in price offered to buyers, often as part of negotiation processes in sales transactions.
OPEC
The Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) is an intergovernmental organization of oil-exporting countries aimed at coordinating and unifying petroleum policies to secure fair and stable prices for petroleum producers.
International Cartel
An agreement among companies from different countries aimed at controlling production, fixing prices, or limiting competition in the international market.
Collusion
An agreement, usually secretive, between firms to fix prices, limit supply, or divide markets to reduce competition and increase profits.
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