Casey and Josh Have Both Been Bitten by Strange Dogs

question 34

Multiple Choice

Casey and Josh have both been bitten by strange dogs. Casey has a dog of his own at home that he loves. Josh has little experience with dogs. Which is likely to develop a phobia?

• A) Both boys are likely to develop a phobia because of the traumatic nature of the event.
• B) Casey is more likely to develop a phobia because his schema of dogs has been violated.
• C) Casey is less likely to develop a phobia because he has had lots of earlier positive experiences with dogs.
• D) It will depend on which boy is more sensitive to pain.

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Definitions:

Operant Conditioning

A training technique in which the likelihood of a behavior is changed through the use of incentives or consequences.

Extinction

In psychology, the gradual weakening and eventual disappearance of a learned response when it is no longer reinforced.

Partial-Reinforcement Schedule

In operant conditioning, a strategy in which a behavior is reinforced intermittently, often resulting in more resistant and persistent responses.

Internal-Reinforcement Schedule

A strategy of self-management where individuals control their own rewards or punishments to modify behavior.