Communication Channels That Exist Outside the Formally Authorised Channels and Do

question 63

Multiple Choice

Communication channels that exist outside the formally authorised channels and do not adhere to the organisation's hierarchy of authority are referred to as a(n) :

• A) MBWA system
• B) open communication
• C) personal communication channel
• D) personal network
• E) grapevine.

---

Definitions:

Adaptation

Species’ modification in structure, function, or behavior that makes a species more suitable to its environment.

Behavioral Isolation

is a form of reproductive isolation where differences in courtship or mating behaviors prevent species from breeding with each other.

Flash Patterns

Sequences of light emissions, often seen in bioluminescent organisms, used for communication, mating, or predation.

Recombination

The process by which genetic material is physically mixed during sexual reproduction, leading to the production of offspring with combinations of traits that differ from those found in either parent.