Which of the Following Pulmonary Function Values Characterize an Obstructive

question 1

Multiple Choice

Which of the following pulmonary function values characterize an obstructive lung defect?
I.The forced vital capacity (FVC) may remain normal.
II.The forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV₁) is decreased.
III.The ratio of residual volume to total lung capacity (RV/TLC) may be normal.
IV.The FEV₁ is decreased.

• A)II and IV only
• B)I,II,and III only
• C)I,III,and IV only
• D)II,III,and IV only

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Definitions:

Defensive Pessimism

A strategy where an individual lowers their expectations to help prepare for the worst-case scenario.

Counterproductive

Activities or behaviors that hinder or go against the achievement of one's goals or objectives.

Self-efficacy

A person's confidence in their ability to perform actions required to achieve certain outcomes.

Self-regulate

The ability to manage one's own emotions, thoughts, and behaviors in different situations effectively.