An Internal Validity Threat in Which the Researcher's Expectations Concerning

question 5

Multiple Choice

An internal validity threat in which the researcher's expectations concerning the outcome of an experiment actually contribute to producing certain outcomes is known as the ____ effect.

• A) Hawthorne
• B) John Henry
• C) Diffusion
• D) Pygmalion
• E) Experimenter effect

---

Definitions:

Br Radical

Bromine radical, a highly reactive species with an unpaired electron, resulting from the homolytic cleavage of bromine.

Hydrogen Atom

The simplest type of atom, consisting of one proton in the nucleus and one electron bound to the nucleus.

Transition State

A high-energy state during a chemical reaction, where reactants are transformed into products.

Acid-Base Reaction

A chemical reaction that involves the transfer of a hydrogen ion (H+) from an acid to a base.