A Nurse Is Caring for a Client with Congestive Heart

question 1

Multiple Choice

A nurse is caring for a client with congestive heart failure (CHF) who currently smokes cigarettes and has a 50 pack-year smoking history. When providing smoking cessation education to this client, which statements regarding the pathophysiology of nicotine use are appropriate? Select all that apply.

• A)"In low doses, nicotine stimulates nicotinic receptors in the brain to release dopamine."
• B)"In high doses, nicotine stimulates the parasympathetic system to release epinephrine, causing vasoconstriction."
• C)"Initially, nicotine increases mental alertness and cognitive ability."
• D)"Nicotine is a nonpsychoactive substance found in tobacco."
• E)"Gradual reduction of nicotine intake appears to be the best method of cessation."