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In the vision and equilibrium test, it can be demonstrated that vision has very little to do with the sense of equilibrium, since unsteadiness does not increase when the eyes are closed while balancing on one foot.
Dendrite
A branched extension of a neuron that receives electrical impulses from other nerve cells.
Myelin Sheath
An insulating layer, or sheath that forms around nerves, including those in the brain and spinal cord, made of protein and fatty substances, which allows electrical impulses to transmit quickly and efficiently along the nerve cells.
Absolute Refractory
A period immediately following the transmission of a nerve impulse when a neuron cannot be stimulated to transmit another impulse, regardless of the strength of the incoming signal.
Relative Refractory
A phase following the absolute refractory period during which a neuron or muscle cell requires a stronger than normal stimulus to respond.
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