Which Organizational Structure Defies the Unity of Command Principle? Why

question 4

Essay

Which organizational structure defies the unity of command principle? Why?

Interpret Julian Rotter's contributions to psychology, including the development of the I-E Scale.

Understand the relationship between locus of control and psychological outcomes like anxiety and depression.

Analyze the intersection of Rotter's locus of control and Bandura's self-efficacy theories.

Understand Zuckerman's Sensation Seeking Scale and its implications.

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Definitions:

Cognitive Dissonance

A psychological phenomenon that occurs when an individual experiences mental discomfort due to holding contradictory beliefs, ideas, or values at the same time.

Social Loafing

A phenomenon where individuals exert less effort to achieve a goal when they work in a group compared to when they work alone.

Groupthink

A psychological phenomenon that occurs within a group of people, where the desire for harmony or conformity results in an irrational or dysfunctional decision-making outcome.

Discrimination

Unequal and unfavorable treatment of people belonging to distinct groups, usually on the grounds of their race, age, sex, or disabilities.