Which Metaphors Did Powerful Effects Theorists Use to Describe Media

question 41

Multiple Choice

Which metaphors did powerful effects theorists use to describe media effects?

• A) Bullets and hypodermic needles
• B) Cotton and silk
• C) Sugar and salt
• D) Colours and images
• E) Coffee cups and glasses

---

Definitions:

Optimistic Explanatory Style

Refers to a manner of explaining life events in a positive light, attributing good outcomes to personal abilities and bad outcomes to external factors.

Pessimistic Explanatory Style

The inclination to ascribe adverse occurrences to constant, inherent, and widespread factors.

Type A Personality

A personality type characterized by high levels of competitiveness, self-drive, impatience, and a constant sense of urgency.

Optimism

An inclination to maintain a hopeful and positive attitude towards the future or the successful outcome of an event.