Which of the Following Encouraged Firms to Develop Through Internal

question 17

Multiple Choice

Which of the following encouraged firms to develop through internal R&D rather than through M&A in the 20ᵗʰ century?

• A)Lower wage costs for internal labor compared to merged or acquired labor
• B)Faster results obtained with R&D
• C)Federal antitrust policies
• D)Lack of financial capital to engage in M&A
• E)High transactions costs associated with M&A activity.

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Definitions:

Expectancy

In motivational psychology, expectancy refers to the belief that one's effort will lead to the attainment of desired performance goals.

Expectancy Theory

A theory that proposes an individual's motivation is related to their expectation of a desired outcome and the attractiveness of that outcome.

First-Level Outcomes

Immediate results or effects of an action or intervention that can lead to longer-term impacts or second-level outcomes, often used in evaluation frameworks.

Expectancy Theory

A motivational theory suggesting that individuals are motivated to act in certain ways based on their expectations that their actions will lead to desired outcomes.