In Japanese Business Organizations, Subordinates Are Often Hesitant to Pass

question 30

Multiple Choice

In Japanese business organizations, subordinates are often hesitant to pass along bad news to their superiors. This lack of internal communications can be attributed to:

• A) the inherently shy nature of Japanese people.
• B) the Japanese emphasis on hierarchical relationships.
• C) the practice of omerta or solemn oath-taking.
• D) the insistence on solving problems at the point of origin and not escalating them.
• E) Quanxi, the Japanese practice of personal connections.

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Definitions:

Pyelonephritis

A type of urinary tract infection that affects one or both kidneys, caused by bacteria that move from the bladder to the kidneys.

Autoimmune

A condition or disease in which the body's immune system attacks healthy cells.

Renal Pelvis

The internal structure of the kidney. Urine flows from the renal pelvis down the ureter.

Ureter

A tube that carries urine from the kidneys to the bladder.