Hydrogen-Generating Reactions in Syntrophus and Syntrophomonas Have $\Delta$ G°' > 0 Can These Organisms Obtain Energy from Hydrogen Formation?
A)

question 4

Multiple Choice

Hydrogen-generating reactions in Syntrophus and Syntrophomonas have $\Delta$ G°' > 0. Can these organisms obtain energy from hydrogen formation?

• A) No, they cannot.
• B) No. They produce energy by breaking down molecules such as benzoate or butyrate.
• C) Yes. Hydrogen-producing microorganisms coexist in syntrophy with H₂-consuming bacteria. Utilization of H₂ (\(\Delta\)G°' < 0) drives the process forward.
• D) All of the above.
• E) None of the above.

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Definitions:

Fetus

The developing human from roughly eight weeks after conception to birth, during which major structures and organs develop.

Alpha-Fetoprotein

A protein produced by the liver of a developing fetus, levels of which are tested during pregnancy as a marker for certain conditions.

Neural Tube Defect Screening

A test on a pregnant woman’s blood during the second trimester to measure the level of alpha-fetoprotein; test results reveal possible defects of the spine, spinal cord, skull, and brain.

Amniocentesis

A medical procedure used in prenatal diagnosis to extract amniotic fluid using a needle for genetic and chromosomal testing.