Which Term Refers to an Experimental Design Element That Unintentionally

question 33

Multiple Choice

Which term refers to an experimental design element that unintentionally provides subjects with hints about the research hypothesis.

• A)demand characteristic
• B)Hawthorne effect
• C)testing effect
• D)confounding effect

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Definitions:

Low Conscientiousness

Exhibiting a tendency towards disorganization and a lack of dependability in personal or professional matters.

High Extraversion

A personality trait characterized by high levels of energy, positive emotions, assertiveness, sociability, and the tendency to seek stimulation in the company of others.

Happiness

An emotional state characterized by feelings of joy, satisfaction, contentment, and fulfillment.

Optimistic

Having a tendency to hold a positive outlook on the future, often involving the expectation of favorable outcomes.