Examlex
Which of the following is not a normal causative agent of acute diarrhea with vomiting (food poisoning) ?
Expected Value
The calculated average of all possible values for a random variable, weighted by their probabilities of occurrence.
Lottery
A form of gambling involving the drawing of numbers at random for a prize, often run by state or federal governments.
Risk Aversion
A preference for avoiding risk, where individuals or organizations opt for lower-risk options even when higher risks may offer greater potential rewards.
Adverse Selection
Refers to the fact that “bad types” are likely to be selected in transactions where one party is better informed than the other. Examples include higher risk individuals being more likely to purchase insurance, more low-quality cars (lemons) being offered for sale, or lazy workers being more likely to accept job offers. Adverse selection is a precontractual problem that arises from hidden information about risks, quality, or character.
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