Modern Sponges Produce Spicules to Deter Predation,but as the Earliest

question 3

Multiple Choice

Modern sponges produce spicules to deter predation,but as the earliest animals,they existed before any predators evolved; which of the following hypotheses regarding the formation of spicules is the least likely?

• A) Spicules were probably absent in the earliest sponges and evolved later as predation began.
• B) Spicules performed other tasks in early sponges, possibly structural support, and were later modified for defense.
• C) Spicules were present in some sponge species and absent in others; predation became a selection pressure that eliminated some species entirely.
• D) Much like the acquisition of cnidocytes by nudibranchs, some sponges incorporated the spicules they consume into their bodies rather than digesting them.

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Definitions:

Current Concerns

Issues or problems that are currently present and require immediate attention or consideration.

Long-Term Planning

Long-Term Planning involves setting goals and strategies that will be achieved over an extended period of time, considering future possibilities and uncertainties.

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Limitations arising from real-world conditions that affect how a task or goal can be achieved.

Zeigarnik Effect

The psychological tendency to remember uncompleted or interrupted tasks better than completed tasks.