Six Sigma Is One Approach for Setting Quality Expectations for a Given

question 20

Essay

Six Sigma is one approach for setting quality expectations for a given process or output. As pointed out in your text, the term "Six Sigma" comes from statistics: in a normal distribution, the area (probability) outside of +/- six standard deviations from the mean value is exceedingly small. You are provided the following values from a standardized normal distribution .
Note: The Z values in the above table refer to the number of sigmas to the right of center . The listed probabilities, p, refer to the area to the right of the chosen Z point, as illustrated by the graph below: Required:
1. Given the above, what is the probability for a 1-sigma performance level? How many defects might we expect for a process that is operating at 1-sigma level?
2. Redo #1 above, but this time for a 3-sigma level. What is the percentage increase in quality expected under a 3-sigma performance level compared to a 1-sigma level?
3. Redo #1 above, but this time for a 4-sigma level. Also, what is the anticipated percentage improvement in quality when moving from a 3-sigma to a 4-sigma performance level?

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Definitions:

EEG

A medical test, also known as an electroencephalogram, which measures the electrical activity of the brain.

Amplitude

In physics, the maximum extent of a vibration or oscillation, measured from the position of equilibrium.

Brainwaves

Electrical impulses in the brain, measured by EEG, that reflect the brain's activity levels and states of arousal, including delta, theta, alpha, beta, and gamma waves.

REM Sleep

A phase of sleep characterized by rapid eye movements, low muscle tone, and vivid dreams, during which the brain is highly active.