Irene Wants to Examine the Effect of a Defendant's Appearance

question 12

Multiple Choice

Irene wants to examine the effect of a defendant's appearance on the judgment of guilt for a crime. She has participants read an identical account of the crime except for the defendant's appearance. A group of high school students receive the description of an attractive defendant, while a group of senior citizens receive the description of an unattractive defendant. Both groups are then asked to rate the defendant's guilt on a seven-point scale. A major cause for confusion in Madison's experiment is the _____.

• A)manipulation of appearance
• B)measure of guilt
• C)description of the crime
• D)age of the participants

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Definitions:

Contribution Margin

A financial metric that represents the difference between the sales revenue of a product and the variable costs associated with producing that product.

Break-Even Point

The financial position at which total revenues equal total costs and expenses, with no net profit or loss, often used to analyze the viability of a business or project.

Variable Cost

Costs that change in proportion to the level of goods or services that a business produces, as opposed to fixed costs which remain constant regardless of production volume.

Contribution Rate

The percentage or amount that is contributed to a retirement or investment plan, usually on a regular basis, by an employer, employee, or both.