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What type of research firm dominates the small research firms operated by a single person or a small staff?
Positive Reinforcer
A stimulus which, when presented after a behavior, increases the likelihood that the behavior will occur again.
Negative Reinforcer
A stimulus whose removal following a behavior increases the likelihood that the behavior will occur again in the future.
Primary Reinforcers
Innate reinforcing qualities, such as food and water, that fulfill basic biological needs and do not require learning to be effective.
Variable-ratio Schedule
A reinforcement schedule in behavioral psychology where a response is rewarded after an unpredictable number of responses, enhancing motivation to respond.
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