Evidence Supporting the Idea That Mitochondria and Chloroplasts in Present-Day

question 47

Multiple Choice

Evidence supporting the idea that mitochondria and chloroplasts in present-day cells originated as independent organisms includes

• A) similarities in DNA sequences between mitochondrial and bacterial genomes.
• B) similarities in size and shape between mitochondria and some prokaryotes.
• C) similarity between photosynthetic pigments in chloroplasts and cyanobacteria.
• D) similarity in the way mitochondria, chloroplasts, and prokaryotes reproduce.
• E) All answers are correct.

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Definitions:

Action Potentials

Electrical impulses that travel along the membrane of a neuron or muscle cell, enabling the transmission of signals.

Sarcolemma

The cell membrane that surrounds a muscle fiber, playing a key role in muscle contraction.

Mitochondria

Organelles within cells that produce energy through respiration and regulate cellular metabolism.

Aerobic Respiration

A metabolic process that uses oxygen to convert nutrients into energy (ATP), carbon dioxide, and water.