A Competitive Market Is in Long-Run Equilibrium

question 251

Multiple Choice

A competitive market is in long-run equilibrium. If demand increases, we can be certain that price will

• A)rise in the short run. Some firms will enter the industry. Price will then rise to reach the new long-run equilibrium.
• B)rise in the short run. Some firms will enter the industry. Price will then fall to reach the new long-run equilibrium.
• C)fall in the short run. All, some, or no firms will shut down, and some of them will exit the industry. Price will then rise to reach the new long-run equilibrium.
• D)not rise in the short run because firms will enter to maintain the price.

---

Definitions:

Variable

An element, feature, or factor that is liable to change or be changed, often used in the context of experiments, statistics, or mathematics.

Mixed Costs

Costs that contain both a variable- and a fixed-cost element and change in total but not proportionately with changes in the activity level.

Fixed Costs

Expenditures such as rent, salaries, and insurance that are unaffected by changes in production or sales volumes.

Contribution Margin

The amount by which a product's sales price exceeds its total variable costs, indicating the contribution towards covering fixed costs and generating profit.