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A group of interacting serum proteins that provide a nonspecific defense mechanism is
Chemoreceptors
Sensory receptors that respond to chemical stimuli, such as changes in oxygen or carbon dioxide levels in the blood.
Pulmonary Stretch Receptors
Sensory receptors located in the lungs that detect changes in lung volume and contribute to the regulation of breathing patterns.
Brain Circuits
Networks of interconnected neurons in the brain that process and transmit information, playing a crucial role in functions such as thought, emotions, and motor control.
Threshold
The point of intensity at which a stimulus begins to produce a sensation or elicit a response, marking the limit between the absence and the beginning of a perception.
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