_____ for Leadership Suggest That There Are Work Environment Factors

question 23

Multiple Choice

_____ for leadership suggest that there are work environment factors that prevent leaders from acting as they wish or that offset the effects of certain acts of leadership.

• A)Substitutes
• B)Moderators
• C)Neutralizers
• D)Enhancers

---

Definitions:

Pretest

An initial test or assessment conducted before the main test or experiment to evaluate participants' baseline abilities, knowledge, or attitudes.

Pretest-Posttest

A research design that measures the effect of an intervention by comparing conditions before and after the intervention is applied.

Posttest-Only

A research design where measures are taken only after the experimental manipulation, without a pretest comparison.

Mortality

The loss of subjects who decide to leave an experiment. Mortality is a threat to internal validity when the mortality rate is related to the nature of the experimental manipulation.