In the Days of Wood and Coal Engines, Having a Fireman

question 12

Essay

In the days of wood and coal engines, having a fireman on board a train was a reasonable requirement. But as diesel and electric engines came into use fire men were not required on the trains anymore. Despite that railroad companies were often required by the union contract to continue to employ firemen. What is this kind of unfair labor practice termed as?

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Definitions:

Extinction

In behavioral psychology, the process by which a conditioned response decreases in frequency and eventually disappears when the conditioned stimulus is no longer paired with the unconditioned stimulus.

Classical Conditioning

A learning process that occurs when two stimuli are repeatedly paired: a response which is at first elicited by the second stimulus is eventually elicited by the first stimulus alone.

CS

Short for Conditioned Stimulus, it is a previously neutral stimulus that, after association with an unconditioned stimulus, comes to trigger a conditioned response.

UCS

An abbreviation for Unconditioned Stimulus, a stimulus that naturally and automatically triggers a response without any need for prior learning.