Suppose That in Most Car Collisions Between Cars of Unequal

question 113

Multiple Choice

Suppose that in most car collisions between cars of unequal size, the smaller car sustains the most damage and its occupants suffer the most injury. In answering the following question, assume that, on average, smaller cars generate less air pollution than larger cars and that every person in the economy drives at least one car. As the average size of cars increases, an individual's incentive to buy a smaller car:

• A)increases in order to prevent injury to others.
• B)increases to offset the external cost of air pollution.
• C)decreases because of the increased risk of injury in a collision.
• D)remains the same because car purchases depend on individual preferences.

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Definitions:

Budget Variance

Budget variance is the difference between budgeted or planned financial performance and the actual performance, indicating whether a business is over or under its budgeted amount.

Budgeted Overhead

An estimated cost for indirect expenses related to operations that a company or project is expected to incur over a specific period.

Variable Overhead

Costs that vary with production volume, including such expenses as indirect materials, supplies, and utilities for the production process.

Efficiency Variance

A measure in cost accounting used to assess the difference between the actual input used in production and the standard input expected to be used, for cost control purposes.