The Following Payoff Matrix Shows the Outcomes for the US

question 57

Multiple Choice

The following payoff matrix shows the outcomes for the US and the USSR from relying on conventional weapons or atomic weapons.The percentages refer to the fraction of the population that would die if a war occurred under the two weapons strategies.Assume the payoff matrix is for 1945,shortly after the US had demonstrated the effectiveness of the atomic bomb in World War II,i.e. ,the example begins in the upper right cell where USA has atomic weapons and the USSR has only conventional weapons. $\begin{array}{c}\text { USSR }\\\text { USA }\begin{array}{|l|l|l|}\hline &{\text { Atomic Weapona }} & {\text { Conventional }} \\\hline \text { Atomis}& \text { In the USA, } 60 \% \text { would die, } & \text { In the USA S\% would die, } \\ \text { Wespons}&\text { In the USSR, } 60 \% \text { would die } & \text { In the USSR, } 90 \% \text { would die } \\\hline \text { Conventional}&\text { In the USA, } 90 \% \text { would die; } & \text { In the USA } 10 \% \text { would dies } \\&\text { In the USSR, } 5 \% \text { would die } & \text { In the USSR, } 10 \% \text { would die. } \\\hline\end{array}\end{array}$
Refer to the information given above.As a result of the positional externality in this game:

• A) both countries are worse off.
• B) the United States is better off but the USSR is worse off.
• C) the United States is worse off and the USSR is better off.
• D) both countries are better off.

Recognize the importance and challenges of maintaining impartiality in scientific research.

Understand the complexities of participant reporting abilities and biases.

Understand the process and significance of program evaluation in counseling.

Identify different methods and tools used in program evaluation.

---

Definitions:

Primary Gain

The direct internal benefits of being sick, such as relief from anxiety, conflict, or distress.

Conversion Disorder

A mental health condition where a person experiences physical symptoms that cannot be traced back to a medical cause, often linked to emotional conflict.

Cognitive-Behavioral

An approach within psychology that emphasizes the importance of thought processes and behavior in understanding and treating psychological disorders.

EMTs

Emergency medical technicians, who provide immediate care for medical emergencies, including accidents and traumatic injuries.