The Desirability to an Employee of Each of the Outcomes

question 78

Multiple Choice

The desirability to an employee of each of the outcomes available from the employee's job or organization is known as:

• A)Instrumentality
• B)Expectancy
• C)Valence
• D)Equity
• E)Extinction

Compare and contrast the outcomes of costing methods for decision-making purposes.

Calculate material, labor, and overhead costs accurately.

Understand the concept of investments in human capital and its importance for individual and organizational productivity.

Recognize the economic reasoning behind employer investments in employee education and the expected returns in terms of labor productivity.

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Definitions:

James-Lange Theory

A theory suggesting that emotions result from the perception of bodily reactions to stimuli, rather than directly from the stimuli themselves.

Cannon-Bard Theory

The theory that emotional experiences occur simultaneously with physiological responses, rather than one causing the other.

Physiological Arousal

A state of heightened physiological activity, involving the nervous and endocrine systems, often in response to a stimulus.

Metabolism

The set of life-sustaining chemical reactions in organisms that enable the processing of energy and nutrients critical for growth, reproduction, and maintenance of health.