The Idea That Evolution Proceeds in Small,incremental Changes Over Many

question 71

Multiple Choice

The idea that evolution proceeds in small,incremental changes over many generations is

• A) temporal equilibrium.
• B) gradualism.
• C) catastrophism.
• D) temporal isolation.
• E) punctuated equilibrium.

Analyze how progressive muscle relaxation and autogenic training reduce stress by lessening muscular tension.

Distinguish between emotional disclosure and emotional expression in stress management.

Understand the role of mindfulness in reducing stress by minimizing ruminative thought patterns.

Recognize how personal coping strategies, including problem-focused and emotion-focused coping, gender, and culture, influence stress management and outcomes.

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Definitions:

Physiological Needs

Basic life needs required for human survival, such as air, water, food, shelter, and sleep, according to Maslow's hierarchy of needs.

Drive-Reduction Theory

A psychological concept proposing that the motivation of behavior is the reduction of drives, which are primarily biological needs that trigger arousal.

Aroused State

A condition of heightened physiological and psychological activity, with increased heart rate, alertness, and energy, often triggered by excitement or stress.

Unlearned Behavior

Innate actions or reactions not influenced by conditioning or learning; instinctive behavior.