Channels of Communications That Follow the Chain of Command and Are

question 89

Multiple Choice

Channels of communications that follow the chain of command and are considered as official are _____ communication channels.

• A)prescribed
• B)formal
• C)vertical
• D)horizontal
• E)external

Understand the impact of immediate versus delayed reinforcers on learning.

Distinguish between positive and negative reinforcement and their effects on behavior.

Understand the difference between formal and informal communication channels within organizations.

Recognize the function and characteristics of the grapevine in organizational communication.

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Definitions:

Bounded Rationality

A concept suggesting that decision-makers are limited by the information they have, the cognitive limitations of their minds, and the finite amount of time they have to make decisions.

Maximization

The process of seeking the highest possible outcome or result from a set of choices or actions.

Base Rates

Basic pay rates established for roles or tasks before any additional benefits or allowances are added.

Not-invented-here Bias

A mindset or culture where innovations or solutions developed outside a particular group are undervalued or rejected, regardless of merit.