The Sample Covariance Can Be Calculated in Any of the Following

question 36

Multiple Choice

The sample covariance can be calculated in any of the following ways, with the exception of:

• A) \(\frac { 1 } { n - 1 } \sum _ { i = 1 } ^ { n } \left( X _ { i } - \bar { X } \right) \left( Y _ { i } - \bar { Y } \right)\)
• B) \(\frac { 1 } { n - 1 } \sum _ { i = 1 } ^ { n } X _ { i } Y _ { i } - \frac { n } { n - 1 } \overline { X Y }\)
• C) \(\frac { 1 } { n } \sum _ { i = 1 } ^ { n } \left( X _ { i } - \mu _ { X } \right) \left( Y _ { i } - \mu _ { Y } \right)\)
• D)r_XYS_YS_Y, where r_XY is the correlation coefficient.

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