Two Stage Least Squares Is Calculated as Follows; in the First

question 17

Multiple Choice

Two Stage Least Squares is calculated as follows; in the first stage:

• A)Y is regressed on the exogenous variables only. The predicted value of Y is then regressed on the instrumental variables.
• B)the unknown coefficients in the reduced form equation are estimated by OLS, and the predicted values are calculated. In the second stage, Y is regressed on these predicted values and the other exogenous variables.
• C)the exogenous variables are regressed on the instruments. The predicted value of the exogenous variables is then used in the second stage, together with the instruments, to predict the dependent variable.
• D)the unknown coefficients in the reduced form equation are estimated by weighted least squares, and the predicted values are calculated. In the second stage, Y is regressed on these predicted values and the other exogenous variables.

---

Definitions:

Social Situation

The combination of social factors and cultural contexts that influence individuals' interactions and behaviors in a specific setting.

Micro-structures

The small-scale and often intricate social and organizational arrangements within societies, influencing how individuals interact and behave.

Macro-structures

Large-scale patterns and processes that characterize society as a whole.

Global Structures

The overarching patterns and systems that shape global relations, economies, and social dynamics across the world.