Which of These Is Not Generally Regarded as a Reason

question 12

Multiple Choice

Which of these is not generally regarded as a reason for the spate of dubious accounting practices by public companies which led to the enactment of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act in the USA and similar legislation in other jurisdictions?

• A)Pressure on managers to meet investors' unrealistic expectations for continually rising profits.
• B)Greed by executives.
• C)Lack of accounting standards.
• D)Too rapid growth financed by borrowing, which leads to a liquidity crisis.

Distinguish between the functions of punishment and negative reinforcement

Identify examples of behavioral modification techniques

Recognize the role of antecedents and discriminative stimuli in shaping behavior

Understand the process and effects of operant extinction

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Definitions:

Confidence

In statistics, it refers to the degree of certainty or probability that a calculated interval contains the true parameter value.

Normal Distribution

A bell-shaped frequency distribution that is symmetric about the mean, showing that data near the mean are more frequent in occurrence than data far from the mean.

T Distribution

A type of probability distribution that is symmetric and bell-shaped, used in hypothesis testing for small sample sizes or unknown variances.

Degrees of Freedom

The number of independent values that can vary in an analysis without violating any constraints.