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Howard, age 82, dies on January 2, 2012.On Howard's final income tax return, the full amount of the basic and additional standard deductions will be allowed even though Howard lived for only 2 days during the year.
Expected Value
The anticipated value of a variable, computed as the sum of all possible values each multiplied by the probability of its occurrence.
Fair Bet
A betting proposition where the expected gains or losses are theoretically equal, implying no advantage to either side.
Zero Sum Game
A situation in-game theory where one participant's gain or loss is exactly balanced by the losses or gains of the other participants.
Utility
The measure of satisfaction or value that an individual derives from consuming goods and services.
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