Examlex
The taxpayer owns stock with an adjusted basis of $15,000 and a fair market value of $8,000. If the stock or cash is going to be given to her niece, it is preferable for the taxpayer to sell the stock and give the $8,000 of cash to her niece. The same preference would exist if the recipient were a qualified charitable organization.
Comparative Advantage
The knack of entities, whether they are people, companies, or countries, to bring forth goods or services at opportunity costs that undercut those of competitors.
Opportunity Costs
Opportunity Costs represent the benefits that are foregone by choosing one option over an alternative one.
Specialization
The focus by an individual, firm, or country on producing a limited range of goods or services, often to improve efficiency and productivity.
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