Faced with Evidence That Seems to Contradict a Hoped-For Finding

question 71

Multiple Choice

Faced with evidence that seems to contradict a hoped-for finding, people may object to the study's methodology. This is an example of the:

• A)wishful thinking bias.
• B)confirmation bias.
• C)fallacy of positive instances.
• D)belief-bias effect.

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Definitions:

Assimilation

Assimilation is a cognitive process where individuals integrate new information into existing frameworks or schemas.

Accommodation

In cognitive development, the process of modifying existing cognitive schemas, perceptions, and understandings to incorporate new information.

Sensorimotor

Relating to or involving both sensory and motor functions, or the stage in Piaget's theory of cognitive development (from birth to about 2 years) where infants learn through sensory and motor interaction with the world.

Primary Circular Reactions

Early infantile behaviors that repeat because the infant finds them pleasurable, occurring in the sensorimotor stage of development.